The other day I set up Ubuntu in a virtual Machine to do some preparation work before deploying a similar setup in Amazon’s EC2. This basically included programming some Java in Eclipse. When I had to show some stuff to a colleage, I found a quick trick to share a screen remotely on Lifehacker.
This also works well, if you don’t have a screen for your Raspberry or want to access some work files, while on the road. First you need to install the necessary packages
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sudo apt-get install x11vnc vnc-java
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Then just set a password. Username is not required.
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x11vnc -storepasswd
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Now start VNC with
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x11vnc -forever -usepw -httpdir /usr/share/vnc-java/ -httpport 5800
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Now you can try accessing your Raspberry Pi on the local network on http://raspberry-pi:5800. If you want outside access, you could either forward the necessary ports or maybe use IPv6, if already supported from your provider.
The port for plain vanilla VNC is 5400 and works with the same password. For Mac OSX, Chicken of the VNC is a good client. For extra security, you should add SSL to the VNC-connection.